{"id":1393,"date":"2021-03-03T10:01:23","date_gmt":"2021-03-03T09:01:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wildgardenschool.eu\/?p=1393"},"modified":"2021-03-03T10:03:15","modified_gmt":"2021-03-03T09:03:15","slug":"gli-anfibi-animali-dalla-doppia-vita","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.wildgardenschool.eu\/ro\/amfibieni-animale-care-duc-o-viata-dubla\/","title":{"rendered":"Amfibieni: animale care duc o via\u021b\u0103 dubl\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0218ti\u021bi cine sunt <strong><em>amfibienii<\/em><\/strong>? Salamandrele, tritonii, broa\u0219tele, broa\u0219tele r\u00e2ioase \u0219i altele apar\u021bin acestui grup. Dar ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 cuv\u00e2ntul \u201e<strong><em>amfibienii<\/em><\/strong>\u201d? Provine din grecescul <em>amph\u00ecbios, <\/em>care \u00eenseamn\u0103 \u201eambele feluri de via\u021b\u0103\u201d; acest lucru se \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103 pentru c\u0103, \u00een ciuda faptului c\u0103 au colonizat mediul terestru, \u00een ciclul lor de via\u021b\u0103 au un stadiu acvatic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">G\u00e2ndi\u021bi-v\u0103, amfibienii au fost primele vertebrate care au ap\u0103rut din ap\u0103 \u0219i au colonizat p\u0103m\u00e2ntul cu mai mult de 400 de milioane de ani \u00een urm\u0103!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:47px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns scheda_col is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>C\u00e2teva tr\u0103s\u0103turi ale amfibienilor:<\/strong><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>animale ectoterme (cu s\u00e2nge rece), corpurile lor nu sunt capabile s\u0103 produc\u0103 deloc c\u0103ldur\u0103 \u0219i temperatura lor se modific\u0103 \u00een func\u021bie de cea \u00eenconjur\u0103toare.<\/li><li>pielea lor nu este acoperit\u0103 \u0219i are glande care secret\u0103 un fel de mucus necesar pentru a o men\u021bine umed\u0103 \u0219i a o proteja de bacterii sau alte microorganisme. la unele specii, aceste glande produc substan\u021be otr\u0103vitoare.<\/li><li>pielea este folosit\u0103 \u0219i \u00een respira\u021bie.<\/li><li>cele patru picioare sunt potrivite pentru deplasarea pe sol, dar \u0219i pentru \u00eenot.<\/li><li>unele au coad\u0103, altele nu.<\/li><li>ou\u0103le depuse sunt \u00eenvelite cu un strat gelatinos.<\/li><li>masculii unor amfibieni sunt capabili s\u0103 emit\u0103 sunete pentru a atrage femelele \u0219i a alunga concuren\u021bii, datorit\u0103 prezen\u021bei sacilor vocali.<\/li><li>mul\u021bi amfibieni au culori str\u0103lucitoare, \u00een special pentru a descuraja pr\u0103d\u0103torii. fiecare culoare este asociat\u0103 cu capacitatea lor de a produce substan\u021be toxice.<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns scheda_col is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong>... cu coad\u0103 \u0219i f\u0103r\u0103 coad\u0103.<\/strong><\/strong><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Amfibienii se \u00eempart \u00een <strong>Urodele<\/strong> \u0219i <strong>Anure<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Urodelele (care \u00eenseamn\u0103 \u201ecoad\u0103 vizibil\u0103\u201d, gr. oura \u2013 coad\u0103, delos \u2013 vizibil) sunt amfibienii cu coad\u0103, at\u00e2t \u00een faza larvar\u0103, c\u00e2t \u0219i \u00een faza adult\u0103, precum salamandrele \u0219i tritonii. Din aceast\u0103 cauz\u0103 mul\u021bi oameni \u00eei confund\u0103 cu \u0219op\u00e2rlele, dar fi\u021bi aten\u021bi, sunt reptile \u0219i nu amfibieni!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Anurele (care \u00eenseamn\u0103 \u201ef\u0103r\u0103 coad\u0103\u201d, gr. an \u2013 f\u0103r\u0103, oura \u2013 coad\u0103) din contr\u0103, pierd coada \u00een timpul metamorfozei de la mormoloc la adult, cum ar fi broa\u0219tele \u0219i broa\u0219tele r\u00e2ioase.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large scheda_img\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"396\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wildgardenschool.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/tritone.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1395\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wildgardenschool.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/tritone.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.wildgardenschool.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/tritone-300x198.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.wildgardenschool.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/tritone-16x12.jpg 16w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption>Urodeli<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns scheda_col is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong>Ciclul de via\u021b\u0103 ... etapele acvatice \u0219i terestre<\/strong><\/strong><\/h4>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Majoritatea amfibienilor au un ciclu de via\u021b\u0103 \u00een dou\u0103 etape: adul\u021bii, capabili s\u0103 tr\u0103iasc\u0103 pe uscat, \u00een perioada de reproducere se deplaseaz\u0103 \u00een bazine mici \u0219i mari de ap\u0103 pentru depunerea ou\u0103lor. C\u00e2nd acestea eclozeaz\u0103, apar larvele care respir\u0103 prin branhii \u0219i, prin urmare, au o via\u021b\u0103 acvatic\u0103. Dar, s\u0103 o lu\u0103m pe r\u00e2nd:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>adul\u021bii depun ou\u0103le \u00een ap\u0103 \u00een perioada de reproducere, care se schimb\u0103 \u00een func\u021bie de specie \u0219i loc, dar, \u00een general, se potrive\u0219te cu prim\u0103vara sau sf\u00e2r\u0219itul sezonului rece (\u00eentre februarie \u0219i mai). unii amfibieni se deplaseaz\u0103 de la locul \u00een care au petrecut iarna \u00een hibernare c\u0103tre bazinul de ap\u0103 unde vor depune ou\u0103le. al\u021bii \u00ee\u0219i petrec perioada de hibernare direct l\u00e2ng\u0103 locul de reproducere. acest lucru se schimb\u0103 \u0219i \u00een func\u021bie de specie \u0219i loc.<\/li><li>ou\u0103le pot fi depuse \u00een gr\u0103mezi gelatinoase \u00een vegeta\u021bia apelor stagnante sau a p\u00e2raielor cu curent slab, a\u0219a cum fac unele broa\u0219te. broa\u0219tele r\u00e2ioase \u00ee\u0219i depun ou\u0103le \u00een cordoane gelatinoase, printre tulpinile plantelor acvatice. iar tritonii depun ou\u0103le individual, nu \u00een gr\u0103mad\u0103, fix\u00e2ndu-i \u0219i pe vegeta\u021bia acvatic\u0103.<\/li><li>din ou\u0103le anurelor (f\u0103r\u0103 coad\u0103) se dezvolt\u0103 mormoloci, din cele ale urodelelor (cu coad\u0103), larvele. mormolocii, complet diferi\u021bi de viitoarea form\u0103 adult\u0103, nu au picioare, au branhii exterioare \u0219i o coad\u0103 puternic\u0103 \u0219i mobil\u0103 care le permite s\u0103 \u00eenoate. larvele urodelelor, pe de alt\u0103 parte, arat\u0103 ca adul\u021bi \u00een miniatur\u0103, \u0219i sunt \u0219i echipate cu branhii externe.<\/li><li>metamorfozarea. la anure, mormolocul \u00eencepe mai \u00eent\u00e2i s\u0103 dezvolte picioarele din spate, care vor fi urmate la scurt timp de dezvoltarea celor din fa\u021b\u0103. \u00een acest moment, distinc\u021bia dintre cap \u0219i trunchi \u00eencepe s\u0103 fie v\u0103zut\u0103, iar coada se reduce progresiv, p\u00e2n\u0103 la dispari\u021bia sa complet\u0103. \u00een timpul metamorfozei se dezvolt\u0103 pl\u0103m\u00e2nii, care iau locul branhiilor atunci c\u00e2nd individul t\u00e2n\u0103r va p\u0103r\u0103si via\u021ba acvatic\u0103.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La urodele, larva \u00ee\u0219i dezvolt\u0103 picioarele devreme \u0219i, \u00een timpul metamorfozei, nu \u00ee\u0219i pierde coada, dar membrana care o \u00eenconjoar\u0103 se reduce progresiv. Cre\u0219terea este \u00eenso\u021bit\u0103 de dezvoltarea pl\u0103m\u00e2nilor care, la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul metamorfozei, iau locul branhiilor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La sf\u00e2r\u0219itul acestui proces, anurele \u0219i urodelele sunt gata s\u0103 ias\u0103 pe uscat.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large scheda_img\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"396\" src=\"https:\/\/www.wildgardenschool.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/rospo-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1394\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.wildgardenschool.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/rospo-1.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.wildgardenschool.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/rospo-1-300x198.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.wildgardenschool.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/rospo-1-16x12.jpg 16w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption>Anuri<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sapete chi sono gli Anfibi? Salamandre, tritoni, rane, rospi e non solo, appartengono a questo gruppo. Ma cosa vuol dire la parola &#8220;Anfibi&#8220;? Deriva dal greco amph\u00ecbios, che vuol dire &#8220;dalla doppia vita&#8221;; questo perch\u00e9, pur avendo colonizzato l\u2019ambiente terrestre, nel loro ciclo vitale conservano una fase acquatica. Pensa, gli Anfibi sono stati i primi <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wildgardenschool.eu\/ro\/amfibieni-animale-care-duc-o-viata-dubla\/\" class=\"more-link\">\t&nbsp;&#62;<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[149],"tags":[161],"class_list":["post-1393","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-lo-stagno","tag-scheda"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wildgardenschool.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1393","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wildgardenschool.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wildgardenschool.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wildgardenschool.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wildgardenschool.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1393"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.wildgardenschool.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1393\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1399,"href":"https:\/\/www.wildgardenschool.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1393\/revisions\/1399"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.wildgardenschool.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1393"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wildgardenschool.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1393"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.wildgardenschool.eu\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1393"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}